Cataract can be defined as turbidity of the natural lenses in the eyes. This is caused by the clumping of protein in the eye lens. Cataract is a common eye disease and the leading cause of vision loss in people over 40 years old. Cataract can occur in one or both eyes. Properly diagnosed, cataract can be treated surgically to prevent blindness.
Depending on where and how they develop, there are many types of cataracts. The most common among these are:
1. Subcapsular cataract
These occur at the back of the eye lens. Diabetics are very prone to this type of cataract.
2. Nuclear cataract
Yellow-brown cataract, which forms in the center of the lens, is called a nuclear cataract. This is usually seen in cataracts due to aging.
3. Cortical cataract
Cataract in the lens cortex is referred to as cortical cataract. These are wedge-shaped and whitish colored. Spokes that protrude from these opaque wedges move toward the center of the eye.
4. Congenital cataract
Although not common, babies may also have cataracts. Cataract, which is formed at birth or in the first year after the birth of a baby, is referred to as congenital cataract.
5. Secondary cataract
Cataract is one of the known side effects of diabetes and glaucoma. Some steroids and medications are also associated with cataracts.
6. Traumatic cataract
If your eyesight becomes cloudy after an eye injury after a few years, it can lead to traumatic cataracts. It may take several years for this to happen.
7. Radiation cataract
Radiation exposure can also lead to cataracts. This is sometimes observed in patients who have undergone radiation therapy to fight diseases such as cancer.
Although the type of cataract may vary from person to person, the symptoms are usually the same. Some of the common symptoms of a cataract are:
1. Blurred vision
2. Night vision reduced
3. Increased sensitivity to light and glare
4. See halos around lights
5. Colors appear faded
6. Double vision
A reading test is the first step in diagnosing cataracts. This is followed by tests to measure eye pressure. Your doctor will also need to dilate the pupil to check the condition of the optic nerves and the retina.
Surgery is the surest way to remove a cataract. Surgery is usually recommended when the cataract begins to inhibit your daily routine, such as: B. to prevent driving, affecting the reading, etc.
In most cases, this can be done on an outpatient basis. The sooner the diagnosis is made, the easier the treatment. If you notice any of the above symptoms, you should check your eyes immediately. The surgery is just a day clinic, so that a person can go home the same day.
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